We began this volume by describing the forest sector in India as highly complex and currently undergoing enormous churning. Four years and eleven chapters after we began the project, the complexity and dynamism in the sector have only heightened. As we write this: 1. The Supreme Court has accepted the relevance of the Forest RightsAct (along with the Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 (PESA) and constitutional guarantees of tribal rights) in decisions regarding diversions of land held sacred by tribal communities, and asked the Odisha government to consult the gram sabhas of communities affected by the decision to mine the Niyamgiri Hills.