One of the most arid regions on earth today is the Thar Desert which is situated in northwestern India and it faces a substantial susceptibility to climate change effects. Climate change has been posing growing challenges in Rajasthan's Thar Desert that seriously impact the inhabitants’ lives and sources of livelihood. In line with these developments, Community-Based Organizations (CBOs) have become instrumental in steering local adaptation strategies. Community-based organizations (CBOs) play a crucial role in facilitating climate change adaptation within the Thar Desert, integrating local knowledge with modern approaches for sustainable development. However, gaps in our understanding exist, particularly regarding the specific mechanism through which CBOs influence adaptation processes and the challenges they face. This study aims to address these gaps by examining the role played by Community-Based organizations (CBOs) in climate change adaptation in the Thar Desert, focusing on four villages within Rajasthan state; namely Gagari (Jodhpur Rural), Bap and Kalran (Phalodi), and Unda (Jaisalmer). Villages were selected according to their active CBO presence and GRAVIS NGO linkages, which are strong. Utilizing a mixed-method approach that includes in-depth interviews with community members from diverse backgrounds, focus group discussions (FGDs) among various types of CBOs, and complemented by personal daily observations. The scissor-and-sort technique was used in data analysis, which involved transcription, categorization, and coding. The findings reveal that CBOs effectively combine traditional and modern practices to promote community participation, fostering a sustainable and resilient environment to address local challenges. However, they face financial limitations, a lack of technical skills, and social barriers, which hamper their effectiveness and scalability. They require enhanced support, training, and policy advocacy. To summarize, CBOs are crucial in climate change adaptation within the Thar Desert. Strengthening the capacity of CBOs to foster long-term resilience among communities in the Thar Desert requires increased resource allocation and the adoption of suitable policies. By backing CBOs, policymakers and stakeholders can enhance the Thar Desert's resilience to climate change, ensuring ecosystem sustainability and community well-being.