Water pollution is a major issue in the Indian context. While rural areas, especially agriculture, do contribute to pollution of surface and groundwater (through fertilizer and pesticide runoff), the major source of pollution in Indian rivers is domestic sewage and industrial effluents from urban concentrations. Central pollution control board (CPCB) has identified 302 severely polluted stretches on 275 Indian rivers (‘“302 Polluted Stretches On 275 Rivers in India” - The New Indian Express’ 2015). Regulating water pollution and ensuring water quality is therefore one of the major responsibilities of environmental regulatory authorities in India, primarily the State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs).