In 2013, the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) launched the hydrological decade2013–2022 with the theme “Panta Rhei: Change in Hydrology and Society”. The decade recognizes theurgency of hydrological research to understand and predict the interactions of society and water, tosupport sustainable water resource use under changing climatic and environmental conditions. Thispaper reports on the first Panta Rhei biennium 2013–2015, providing a comprehensive resource thatdescribes the scope and direction of Panta Rhei. We bring together the knowledge of all the Panta Rheiworking groups, to summarize the most pressing research questions and how the hydrological com-munity is progressing towards those goals. We draw out interconnections between different strands ofresearch, and reflect on the need to take a global view on hydrology in the current era of humanimpacts and environmental change. Finally, we look back to the six driving science questions identifiedat the outset of Panta Rhei, to quantify progress towards those aims.